Heavy-oil-carbureting system for internal-combustion engines.



. T. E. HALLIDAY. HEAVY OIL CARBURETING SYSTEM FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES. APPLICATION FILED JAN-30,1912.

W Patented Apr. 27, 1915.

THOMM ERNE MDLIJBAY, 0F BESHOPSTOKE, ENGLAND.

HEAVY-OIL-CARBUBETIHG! SYSTEM FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES.

Speciflcatiiin .of Letters latent.

Pa en d ii 'fl 5.

a lication area January no, tam. Serial No. 674,396.

To all whom it may concern;

Be it known that I, THOMAS Earner ,g An- LIDAY, a subject of the King of England, resident of Glenesk, Bishopstohe, Hamp: shire, England, have invented a HeavyeQil- Carbureting .System for lm rnalrfiomb tion' Engines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a carbureter and system for enabling parafhn and similar heavy oils to be efficiently carbu,i-et ad,

U a y ar er te's fo us with b n oils-are so arranged that the oil-gas and air are heated considerably so as to cent e-rt the liquid into a vapor, and this hot gas is sometimes moistened, and the complete mixture is then admitted to the engine. The moistening is efiected either in the carburetor itself, or some water or steam is admitted to the engine cylinder.

The system which forms the subject of the present invention differs considerably from What has previously been proposed inasmuch as the liquid is first mixed with air by means of a spray ca-rbureter of some suitable type and this mixture is then passed through a heater so that it becomes vaporized, after which, just before admission to the engine, this vaporized mixture is moistened by the addition of a water spray. By separating the three processes, mixing, vaporizing and moistening, in this manner, and effecting them in the sequence mentioned, I have found that very ood results are obtained which cannot be e ected by methods hitherto proposed.

I am quite aware that thebroad idea of carbureting, vaporizing, then moistening, is not in itself'n'ovel, but in previous cases the three processes have been caused to overlap or have been efiected in the same apparatus. In my case the three processes are completely separate and the carbnreter 1s quite distinct from the vaporizer, while the tit moistening is affected as late as possibleor.

convenient before the gas is admitted to the engine.

In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 is a side elevation showing the application of the invention to a four cylinder engine in which all the valves are arrand ontone side. Fig. 2 is a central vertical Section through the main portion of the carbureter.

Like letters indicate like parts in both views.

In this construction there may be two float chambers of some ordinary type (only one of these appears in Fig. 1 supplying a jet nnzzle A, a two-way valve or cook, B being provided to enable the jet nozzle to be s ipplied either with petrol or heavy oil such as paraffin, the petrol, of course, being used for starting purposes only. Surrounding the jet nozzle is a choke tube C, and around this is a passage D in the wall of which are extra air ntakes E controlled by a spring loaded sleeve valve-F which opens in the'usual man,- ner t9 admit diluting air asrequired.

The valve F takes the form of a sleeve provided at F with a hole adapted to register with the air inlet E when the valve moves oyer to the left. This movement is resisted by the spring illustrated which abuts up against a radial flange on the sleeve at the tight? hand end and a fixed abutment C on the choke tube at the left hand end.

In the particular construction of engine illustrated there are only two gas inlets to the cylinders, these being shown at Y. The inlets Y communicate with chambers in the cylinder casting from which the adjacent inlet valves admit the gas to the cylinders. The exhaust valves are arranged at the extreme ends of each twin cylinder casting. There are consequently four exhaust outlets shown at Z.

The exhaust outlets Z communicate with exhaust pipes X and cast around this branch exhaust pipe X is a hollow chamber H with which the induction pipe G communicates. This chamber II also communicates with the gas inlets so that when suction is set up the cylinders draw their mixture along the pipe G through the chambers H cast around the exhaust'pipes and therefrom to the inlet Y and so .to the cylinders. T he chambers H are of course raised to a high temperature by the exhaust gases passing down the pipes X and they therefore constitute Vaporizers whereby the mixture provided by the carbureter is vaporized or gasified before admission to the cylinders.

At or close to the connections Y to the cylinders are arranged pipes J communi cating with a moistening device, through which hot air is drawn. The moistening device may be of any suitable type. In the construction illustrated in Fig. 1 it com-' prises a'nozzle K to which water is supplied, I

Thus the paraffin gas just before admissionto the engine is diluted with hot air led to the choke tube .L by means ofthe pipe N and containing moisture in any requireddegree so that high compressions may bepsed I without fear of preignition.

In .the carbureting portion of thQSYsham it is desirable that complete mixing be ef feeted and for this purpose the air is given a helical or rotary motionjas far as possible. Thus" the interior periphery of the passage D around the choke -tube may be shaped to give the air a whirling motion,

and the throttle disk 0 may be provided with helical vanes or-th'elike, and if desired one or more sharp pitched screws or similarlyshapedbafiles may be arranged in the induction pipe for-the same purpose; i

For simplicity the choke tubeand jet nozzle for the moistening device may be mountedon the carbureter and the ,moist air led therefrom to the inlets by suitable piping. This is the case in Fig. 2,, the inoistening device being arranged at "P in a passage cast in the carbureter wall.. a v

Ithas been found that with this system very efficient and satisfactory results are obtainablein a simple manner.

Having now fully described my said in- "ention. .what,I plaim and vdesire to secure by Letters Patent isz- In a heavy oil carbureter system means for mixing'air with the fuel, means for re ceiving'said vmixture and vaporizing it at a point sufiiciently remote from the mixing means whereby the temperature of the mix- 

